WebHow to abbreviate District Court? Written statements filed with the court that describe a party's legal or factual assertions about the case. The judiciary administers the federal defender program pursuant to the Criminal Justice Act. 23. It also is used as a synonym for venue, meaning the geographic area over which the court has territorial jurisdiction to decide cases. A negligent or intentional injury against a person or property, with the exception of breach of contract. Here is an example of a legal case citation broken down by its parts: 230 S.W.3d 88. Example: Two five-year sentences and one three-year sentence, if served consecutively, result in a maximum of 13 years behind bars. A secured creditor is an individual or business that holds a claim against the debtor that is secured by a lien on property of the estate. Pay.gov is managed by the Department of Treasury, Financial Management Services. The followingis a listof standard abbreviations for the major federal case reporters The listindicates how many series have been published for each reporter and the courts covered by each reporter. WebAbbreviations. List of United States district and territorial courts. A creditor's assertion of a right to payment from a debtor or the debtor's property. The most widely used test for evaluating undue hardship in the dischargeability of a student loan includes three conditions: (1) the debtor cannot maintain based on current income and expenses a minimal standard of living if forced to repay the loans; (2) there are indications that the state of affairs is likely to persist for a significant portion of the repayment period; and (3) the debtor made good faith efforts to repay the loans. A creditor's claim for a fixed amount of money. See also nolo contendere. Appeals from the district courts are made to one of the 13 courts of appeals, organized geographically. City, State Zip . The chapter of the Bankruptcy Code dealing with cases of cross-border insolvency. In a civil case, the person or organization against whom the plaintiff brings suit; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime. Skip to Main Content. The largest courts by number of judges are the Central District of California and the Southern District of New York, each with 28 judgeships. A written statement that begins a civil lawsuit, in which the plaintiff details the claims against the defendant. A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial, or during some other formal conversation, such as a hearing or oral deposition. Not subject to a court ruling because the controversy has not actually arisen, or has ended. (Example: If a house valued at $60,000 is subject to a $30,000 mortgage, there is $30,000 of equity.). To charge someone with a crime. A transfer of the debtor's property made after the commencement of the case. The decision of a trial jury or a judge that determines the guilt or innocence of a criminal defendant, or that determines the final outcome of a civil case. A judge's written explanation of the decision of the court. This site is maintained by the Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts on behalf of the Federal Judiciary. WebIt lists tribunal identifiers made of the first letters of each word of a tribunal's name. A federal judge who is appointed for life, during "good behavior," under Article III of the Constitution. A person who has filed a petition for relief under the Bankruptcy Code. 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Degree of proof required. Performance & security by Cloudflare. A person to whom or business to which the debtor owes money or that claims to be owed money by the debtor. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Latin, meaning "for the court." In criminal cases, prosecutors must prove a defendant's guilt "beyond a reasonable doubt." The district court must find that the claims of the class members contain questions of law or fact in common before the lawsuit can proceed as a class action. A court-approved mechanism under which two or more cases can be administered together. But there are many exceptions, including the following: Court A command to a witness to appear and produce documents. Appellate review de novo implies no deference to the trial judge's ruling. Courthouse, Ronald Reagan Federal Building & U.S. There are exceptions to both requirements for certain categories of debtors, exigent circumstances, or if the U.S. trustee or bankruptcy administrator have determined that there are insufficient approved credit counseling agencies available to provide the necessary counseling. A person called upon by either side in a lawsuit to give testimony before the court or jury. A writ of habeas corpus generally is a judicial order forcing law enforcement authorities to produce a prisoner they are holding, and to justify the prisoner's continued confinement. Courthouse, Checking Status / Confirming Reporting Instructions, Direct Assignment of Civil Cases to Magistrate Judges, Pro Bono Limited-Scope Representation Pilot Program, Procedures for Recovering Out-of-Pocket Expenses, Policy for Reimbursement of Out-of-Pocket Expenses Incurred by Court-Appointed Pro Bono Counsel. One bankruptcy petition filed by a husband and wife together. The system's mission reflects its dedication to serve the community, the courts, and the people who come before the courts. COURT Meaning Abbreviated Abbreviations Common. Prison terms for two or more offenses to be served at the same time, rather than one after the other. Officers of the probation office of a court. A preliminary injunction often is issued to allow fact-finding, so a judge can determine whether a permanent injunction is justified. The debtor, U.S. trustee or bankruptcy administrator, case trustee, and creditors are parties in interest for most matters. If a case is published in more than one reporter, additional reporter references may also be included to enable you to find the case in the other reporter(s). An agreement to continue performing duties under a contract or lease. All interests of the debtor in property at the time of the bankruptcy filing. When a mistrial is declared, the trial must start again with the selection of a new jury. For example, a plaintiff may seek a declaratory judgment that a particular statute, as written, violates some constitutional right. The system's mission reflects its dedication to serve the community, the courts, and the WebA judicial officer of a district court who conducts initial proceedings in criminal cases, decides criminal misdemeanor cases, conducts many pretrial civil and criminal matters on A person who makes a word-for-word record of what is said in court, generally by using a stenographic machine, shorthand or audio recording, and then produces a transcript of the proceedings upon request. The District of Kentucky was abolished on February 13, 1801 by the, The District of Tennessee was abolished on February 13, 1801 by the, Political ideology of states in the United States, Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, Thomas F. Eagleton United States Courthouse, District for the Northern Mariana Islands, List of former United States district courts, List of United States federal courthouses, "The U.S. District Courts and the Federal Judiciary", "U.S. Courts | Frequently Asked Questions", "An Introduction for Judges and Judicial Administrators in Other Countries", https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-08-1124T, U.S. District Courts of Kentucky, Legislative history, U.S. District Courts of Tennessee, Legislative history, United States District Courts official website, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_district_and_territorial_courts&oldid=1145997389, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. Case reporters are published in series, which are designated by a series number (2d, 3d, 4th, etc.). Beachy v. Becerra, 299 Neb. The time within which a lawsuit must be filed or a criminal prosecution begun. The number of cases handled by a judge or a court. Note: Defunct courts do not include courts consisting of an entire state that were later subdivided. Sometimes juries are sequestered from outside influences during their deliberations. Jurisdiction given to federal courts in cases involving the interpretation and application of the U.S. Constitution, acts of Congress, and treaties. 1. App.," where X is the name of the state. The party who opposes an appellant's appeal, and who seeks to persuade the appeals court to affirm the district court's decision. A lawsuit arising in or related to a bankruptcy case that begins by filing a complaint with the court, that is, a "trial" that takes place within the context of a bankruptcy case. All legal or equitable interests of the debtor in property as of the commencement of the case. A claim for which a specific value has not been determined. 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