A big initial problem for Pakistan was that its army comprising of 150,000 men needed 4,000 officers. I am going to analyse each interpretation of the event and question the true causes for partition., After independence from the British in 1947, President Mohammad Ali Jinnahs vision for Pakistan was very clear: he wanted peace, good governance, tolerance and a state able to adhere to a rule of law. It had its origin in Redcliff Award which drew the boundary India and Pakistan in way that it cut across the rivers and canal making India the upper beneficiary and Pakistan the lower beneficiary, It also handed over the control over two important head works over river Ravi (Madhupure Head works) and Sutlej (Ferozpure Head works) to India. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); I Want assistant registerar cooperatives societies english past papers, I want to learn all types of topics necessary for css test. _Hasync.push(['Histats.fasi', '1']); ' is attempted by Ehtisham Akbar, the top scorer in CSS Criminology paper. Your email address will not be published. Each boundary commission consisted of representatives from India and Pakistan. Accession Of Princely states 1.Choice of Capital and Establishment of Government 2. Only educated person has the ability to take practical decisions and make right moves at the right time. These were mostly at the highest rank, for this was where were no Muslims officers at all. There were terrible acts of communal violence carried out on both sides of the border which both India and Pakistan would rather forget. At the time of Partition the subcontinents 565 princely states were ruled by Nawabs, Nizams, and Maharajas. You can read the details below. It was estimated that only West Pakistani received 5.5 million refugees and one sixth of the entire population of West Pakistan consisted of refugees. According to that agreement India was allocated the use of two Eastern Rivers namely Ravi and Sutlej whereas three western Rivers Indus, Jehlum and Chenab were given to Pakistan. In a planned move, Muslims properties were set on fire and they were compelled to leave India for Pakistan with, nothing but their lives. Copyright 2023. Education System is based on Unequal Lines, Check our Collection of English Essays specially for CSS, FPSC CSS Past Papers 2017 | Download in PDF, Instruction in Youth is Like Engraving in Stone | Complete Essay with Outline, Public Office is a Public Trust | Complete CSS Essay, Essay Outline Good Governance is deeply rooted in Human Development, CSS Essay Outline | The Importance of Water Conservation and Management, How to Write Effective Essay for CSS Exams, How to Write Effective Essay on Economy? In the end, some water supplies were reinstated in May 1948. The vast distance between them also meant that there were significant differences and outlook between the people of the two different regions. Some moved willingly, taking as many of their possessions with them as they could. Karachi was named to be the capital of Pakistan. Indeed the country was split into two separate parts almost a thousand miles apart. The canal water issue of Pakistan was yet another cause of Pakistans frustration and anger towards India. Stopping the flow of water by India causedheavy economic loss for Pakistan. Terrorism/Sovereignty Violation 2. However these states were advised to consider geographical location and religious trends of their respective states before accession to the either country. Realization by both parties to achieve their same goal 6. Again , the Muslims were disappointed by this decision. Both India and Pakistan were agreed to accept the decision of Redcliff incase of deadlock. the British system of government had given these diverse people very little opportunity to participate in government. Implementation instead of projecting policies should be focused on. For the last few years there has been an increase in the growth of private schools. Initial Problems of Pakistan. Though 62 years have been passed and 23 policies and action plans have been introduced yet the educational sector is waiting for an arrival of a savior. Pakistan received only 200 million. Pakistan came into existence on 14th august 1947. However, India and Pakistan were soon in dispute over the canals, especially the waters from the Bari-Doab canal. 3. Lack of Technical Education 5. Unfortunately, the banks and, other financial institutions were located in Indian territory. Now a days, the economic situation in Pakistan is under stress and education is the worse effected sector in Pakistan. The princely states of Dir, Swat, Chitral Amb, Hunza, Gilgit and Bahawalpur also joined Pakistan. The leaders of India had accepted the partition of the subcontinent in the expectation that Pakistan would not be able to survive. Constitutional Problem. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. The water problem was one that the new country had to address urgently. Karachi alone received nearly two million refugees in 1947. (e) We Badly Lag in Social Indicators. From Pakistan: Justice Abu Saleh, Justice Muhammad Ikram, Justice S.A. Rehman From india: justice b.k mukerjee and justice C.C. Design: An Initial Product and the Iteration Process, Problems of National Integration Between East and West Pakistan, Economic Problems Causing Marriage and Family Problems. Some of the initial difficulties were 1. Pakistan is facing a health crisis with rising rates of heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and other non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which disproportionately affect poor families, with possible side effects of disability and premature death, and worsening poverty as people pay for medical treatment out of their own pockets. But reports coming from other places made the minorities fearful. Karachi was chosen as the capital of Pakistan. What the Indian government hoped was that by withholding the money, Pakistan would become bankrupt. Representatives of Punjab Boundary Commission, From Pakistan, Justice Din Muhammad and Justice Muhammad Munir. For some years the Quaid-e-Azam had suffered from tuberculosis. It appears that you have an ad-blocker running. Pakistan was promised to get Rs. They are not professionally trained teachers so they are unable to train a nation. He objected to what the Indian government was doing and took took steps to try to persuade them to pay the money it was holding. By awarding it to India, the Indians now had a border with Kashmir and future disputes between India and Pakistan became inevitable. Soon after its establishment Pakistan faced number of problems. In 1947 the new born nation Pakistan faced huge difficulties, which threatened its survival as an independent nation. From its very inception , Pakistan faced a large number of problems . economic backwardness of the areas forming part of Pakistan. Terrible violence flared as these frightened people fled across the borders seeking safety. If Pakistan stopped fighting and agreed that Kashmir should be an Indian Possession, then the rest would be paid. The teachers in government schools are not well trained. Get original paper in 3 hours and nail the task. These are the social problems of Pakistan that, if solved, can make life more comfortable and society more productive in some manner. This referendum has not been held and the Kashmir Issue remains a major source of discontent between the two countries today. [2][3][4][5] By the 18th century the land was incorporated into British India. _Hasync.push(['Histats.track_hits', '']); Over 10 million people had removed from India to Pakistan or in the other direction by January 1948. CSS Solved Pakistan Affairs; CSS Solved Islamiat; CSS Political Science; refugees' problems and distribution of armed and military assets. Registered address: Louki Akrita, 23 Bellapais Court, Flat/Office 46 1100, Nicosia, Cyprus Karachi was chosen as the capital of Pakistan. Constitutional Problem. Pakistan had none of these. 750 million but the Indian govt. He remembers the night of independence well. Economic Problems 6.Issue of national language 7.Electricity Problem 8.Kashmir Dispute 9. So, they prefer to send their children to madrassas where education is totally free. Over 20,000 fled to Pakistan and finally the Muslims rose in rebellion. Pakistan received only 200 million. But the down trodden condition of education in Pakistan bears an ample testimony of the fact that it is unable to defend its own sector. In the year 1948, India did stop the water supply to the side of Pakistan canals that damaged their agriculture system massively. Libya Italy war 4. Division of the subcontinents assets, Pakistan did not do well. Initial problems of Pakistan. The Indian government put pressure on him to join India and in August 1948 complained that armed Muslims were raiding Villages on Indias side of the Hyderabad border. In spite of their promises, on 1 April 1948, India shut off the waters flowing into Pakistan from the Ferozpur headworks in East Punjab and stopping the water supply for Lahore and threating more than 1.65 million acres of agriculture land. It should be around 7% of the total GDP. Hindus were angry over the division of the Subcontinent whereas Sikhs were unhappy over the loss of their religious places. There was an establishment set up of the boundary commission that was arranged under the supervision of British Chairman, Sir Cyril Redcliff. Kashmir remains the most significant source of friction between the countries, mostly due to Pakistans persistence to seize it. Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. Education plays a vital role in human capital formation. In some areas attacks were carried out to allow for migration. On 14 August 1947 Quiad-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah took oath as the Governor General of Pakistan. After pressure from Lord Mountbatten, the Indian Prime Minister, Nehru, agreed that a referendum would be held in Kashmir to determine the wishes of the people, once the situation normalized. LUMS, IBA, GIKI etc these institutions are meant for the elite class, developing social class differences between the students of lower class institutes who might have better abilities and caliber than the students of these institutes, but their intelligence goes neglected, resulting in a waste of talent that could bring Pakistan to the best of its Success and development. requirements? PMS Past Papers 2007. But there were stories of violence, riots, attacks on trains and bloodstained trains arriving with dead bodies. Bengal and the West Punjab, for example, were both largely Muslim areas, but they had little else in common. Funds 6. It caused economic and administrative problems, as Pakistan did not have sufficient resources to provide food, shelter and medical aid to the growing no of refugees. He looks forward to connecting with readers and hearing their thoughts and feedback on the website. 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